Increased frequency of circulating CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells with regulatory capacity in patients with Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) naïve for biological agents

PLoS One. 2017 Jul 6;12(7):e0180726. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180726. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Our objective was to study the frequency of circulating CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells (Breg) in AS patients. To this end, peripheral blood was drawn from AS patients naïve for TNF blockers (AS/nb) (n = 42) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 42). Six patients donated blood for a second time, 6 months after initiating treatment with anti-TNFα drugs. After isolation by Ficoll-Hypaque, PBMCs were stained with antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD19, CD24, and CD38, and examined by cytometry. For functional studies, total CD19+ B cells were isolated from PBMCs of 3 HC by magnetical sorting. Breg-depleted CD19+ B cells were obtained after CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells were removed from total CD19+ cells by cytometry. Total CD19+ B cells or Breg-depleted CD19+ B cells were established in culture and stimulated through their BCR. Secretion of IFNγ was determined by ELISA in culture supernatants. When compared with HC, AS/nb patients demonstrated a significantly increased frequency of Breg cells, which was independent of disease activity. Anti-TNFα drugs induced a significant reduction of circulating Breg numbers, which were no longer elevated after six months of treatment. Functional in vitro studies showed that the secretion of IFNγ was significantly higher in Breg-depleted as compared with total CD19+ B cells, indicating that Breg can downmodulate B cell pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. In summary, an increased frequency of circulating CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells is observed in AS/nb patients, that is not related with disease activity; anti-TNFα drugs are able to downmodulate circulating Breg numbers in AS.

MeSH terms

  • ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / immunology*
  • Adult
  • Antigens, CD19 / immunology*
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Biological Factors / therapeutic use*
  • CD24 Antigen / immunology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing / drug therapy
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD19
  • Biological Factors
  • CD24 Antigen
  • ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (MINECO/ISCIII) grant numbers FIS PI-16/01189, RD12/0009/0012 and RD16/0012/0012 (RIER, RETICS Program) (http://www.idi.mineco.gob.es/portal/site/MICINN, http://www.isciii.es), by COnsejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional RAPHYME, grant number S2010/BMD-2350 (www.madrimasd.org) and by an unrestricted research grant from Roche Pharmaceuticals (www.roche.com). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.