Initial fluid resuscitation following adjusted body weight dosing is associated with improved mortality in obese patients with suspected septic shock

Abstract

Objective: The optimal initial fluid resuscitation strategy for obese patients with septic shock is unknown. We evaluated fluid resuscitation strategies across BMI groups.

Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of 4157 patients in a multicenter activation pathway for treatment of septic shock between 2014 and 2016.

Results: 1293 (31.3%) patients were obese (BMI≥30). Overall, higher BMI was associated with lower mortality, however this survival advantage was eliminated in adjusted analyses. Patients with higher BMI received significantly less fluid per kilogram at 3h than did patients with lower BMI (p≤0.001). In obese patients, fluid given at 3h mimicked a dosing strategy based on actual body weight (ABW) in 780 (72.2%), adjusted body weight (AdjBW) in 95 (8.8%), and ideal body weight (IBW) in 205 (19.0%). After adjusting for condition- and treatment-related variables, dosing based on AdjBW was associated with improved mortality compared to ABW (OR 0.45; 95% CI [0.19, 1.07]) and IBW (OR 0.29; 95% CI [0.11,0.74]).

Conclusions: Using AdjBW to calculate initial fluid resuscitation volume for obese patients with suspected shock may improve outcomes compared to other weight-based dosing strategies. The optimal fluid dosing strategy for obese patients should be a focus of future prospective research.

Keywords: Body mass index; Fluid therapy; Hospital mortality; Obesity; Sepsis; Septic shock.