Atopic dermatitis: skin care and topical therapies

Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2017 Sep;36(3):104-110. doi: 10.12788/j.sder.2017.035.

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis is strongly influenced by Type 2 innate lymphoid cell and T-helper cell type 2 lymphocyte-driven inflammation and skin barrier dysfunction. AD therapies attempt to correct this pathology, and guidelines suggest suggest basics of AD therapy, which include repair of the skin barrier through bathing practices and moisturizers, infection control, and further lifestyle modifications to avoid and reduce AD triggers.While some patients' AD may be controlled using these measures, inflammatory eczema including acute flares and maintenance therapy in more severe patients are treated with topical pharmacologic agents such as topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, and, more recently, topical PDE-4 inhibitors. This model of basic skin therapy and, as needed, topical pharmacologic agents may be used to treat the vast majority of patients with AD and remains the staple of AD therapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Cutaneous
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / adverse effects
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Baths / methods
  • Calcineurin Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Clothing
  • Coal Tar / administration & dosage
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / drug therapy*
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / therapy
  • Emollients / administration & dosage
  • Histamine Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Keratolytic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Skin Cream / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Calcineurin Inhibitors
  • Emollients
  • Histamine Antagonists
  • Keratolytic Agents
  • Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors
  • Coal Tar