Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the rate and predictors of electing for a second bilateral myringotomy and tympanostomy tube placement (BMT) in children with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM).
Study design: Retrospective chart review.
Methods: Charts of 600 children who underwent BMT for RAOM between 2012 and 2014 were reviewed.
Results: The overall rate of a second BMT was 15.2% (91/600) and occurred a median of 1.58 years after the initial BMT. The most common indication was continued RAOM with extruded tubes. There was a higher rate of second BMT in patients of younger age (1.06 vs. 1.32 years old, P < .001) and those with a positive family history of RAOM/BMT in a first-degree relative (odds ratio [OR]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.73, P = .041). Identification of middle ear fluid intraoperatively (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.22-3.26, P = .005) but not preoperatively (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 0.98-3.57, P = .051) was associated with higher rates of second BMT. Children with bilateral intraoperative fluid (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.42-3.58, P < .001) or fluid both preoperatively and intraoperatively (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.40-3.61, P = .001) had greater higher risk of requiring second BMT. In this series, the finding of blocked tubes or tube otorrhea at the first postoperative visit were not predictive of an increased risk of second BMT.
Conclusions: Children who underwent BMT for RAOM were more likely to undergo second BMT if they were of younger age, had a family history of RAOM/BMT, or were found to have middle ear fluid intraoperatively. The overall second BMT rate for children with RAOM is lower than in studies examining all BMT indications.
Level of evidence: 4. Laryngoscope, 128:1476-1479, 2018.
Keywords: Recurrent acute otitis media; bilateral myringotomy with tubes; pediatric otolaryngology; tympanostomy tube.
© 2017 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.