Prospective associations between chronic youth sleep problems and young adult health

Brooke L Reidy; Elizabeth B Raposa; Patricia A Brennan; Constance L Hammen; Jake M Najman; Katrina C Johnson

doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2015.11.005

Prospective associations between chronic youth sleep problems and young adult health

Sleep Health. 2016 Mar;2(1):69-74. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.11.005. Epub 2016 Feb 3.

Authors

Brooke L Reidy¹, Elizabeth B Raposa², Patricia A Brennan³, Constance L Hammen⁴, Jake M Najman⁵, Katrina C Johnson³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322. Electronic address: breidy@emory.edu.
² Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125.
³ Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322.
⁴ Department of Psychology, University of California, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
⁵ School of Social Science, University of Queensland, Michie Bldg (#9), St Lucia Campus, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.

PMID: 29073455
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.11.005

Abstract

Objectives: The current study investigated prospective associations between youth sleep problems across childhood and adolescence, as well as the relationship between chronic youth sleep problems and young adult health. Exploratory analyses investigated this sleep-health relationship in the context of several established risk factors, including youth depression and environmental stress.

Design: This project is an extension of the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy, a longitudinal study that followed more than 7000 children across early development.

Setting: Brisbane, Australia.

Participants: Seven hundred ten mother-child dyads assessed from birth to age 20.

Measurements: We used maternal report measures to assess the persistence of youth sleep problems. We used structural equation modeling to explore the relationship between chronic maternal-reported youth sleep problems and subjective reports of young adult health quality and to assess whether associations remained when other potential health risks were included in the model.

Results: Path analyses revealed that sleep problems in early childhood predicted sleep problems in middle adolescence, which predicted sleep problems at age 20. Structural equation models showed that chronic youth sleep problems predicted youth health quality at age 20 (β = .263, P < .001) over and above the effects of early adversity, chronic childhood illness, maternal depression, lifetime youth depression, and chronic youth stress.

Conclusions: Chronic sleep problems can emerge in childhood and may contribute to negative health outcomes in young adulthood. Chronic youth sleep problems remain a significant predictor of poor health when tested against other known health risk factors, suggesting that sleep may be an important health intervention target.

Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Chronic; Health; Longitudinal; Sleep.