Trigger Finger

Excerpt

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a prevalent condition that arises due to the repetitive use of the fourth finger and thumb. This results in significant functional impairment and tenosynovitis within the flexor sheaths of both the fingers and thumb. The development of trigger finger is attributed to a narrowing of flexor pulley sheaths, accompanied by hypertrophy and inflammation at the tendon-sheath interface. This inflammation can lead to the formation of nodules on the tendon. Although the condition most frequently manifests in the ring finger and thumb, it can also affect any other finger. Trigger finger classically involves the A1 pulley sheath located at the metacarpophalangeal joint, which is the proximal section of the tendon sheath, but it can also occur at A2 (proximal interphalangeal joint) or A3 (distal interphalangeal joint). Patients often report experiencing digit locking during both flexion and extension, with extension typically presenting more pronounced challenges.

Trigger finger manifests as pain and an unusual ache in the palm while moving the affected finger. A distinct snapping sound becomes increasingly noticeable as the individual extends and flexes the digit. Trigger finger frequently affects the dominant hand, with the thumb and ring finger being the most commonly affected digits.