Composite ganglioside autoantibodies and immune treatment response in MMN and MADSAM

Muscle Nerve. 2018 Jun;57(6):1000-1005. doi: 10.1002/mus.26051. Epub 2018 Jan 26.

Abstract

Introduction: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a motor only, asymmetric onset neuropathy that is relatively treatment-refractory compared with classic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor (MADSAM) neuropathy.

Methods: We reviewed 35 patients seropositive for GM1 (monosialo-asialo [immunoglobulin M, IgM; immunoglobulin G, IgG]) and/or GD1b (disialo [IgG, IgM]) autoantibodies having MMN, classic CIDP, or MADSAM. Immune-treatment responsiveness and clinical course was compared with antibody negative disease controls.

Results: Seventy-nine percent of seropositives with an initial diagnosis of MMN were immunotherapy responsive compared with 46% of seronegatives (P = 0.045). Eight ganglioside antibody positive MMN patients of 19 (42%) developed sensory findings consistent with MADSAM compared with 3 of 41 (7%) seronegative MMN patients (P = 0.003). MMN and MADSAM patients with ganglioside antibody positivity had more sustained treatment responses (P = 0.03).

Discussion: Patients initially diagnosed with MMN seropositive for diverse GM1 autoantibodies appear more likely to have sustained treatment response and evolution to MADSAM. Muscle Nerve 57: 1000-1005, 2018.

Keywords: CIDP; MADSAM; MMN; gangliosides.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Autoantibodies / immunology*
  • Gangliosides / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology*
  • Immunoglobulin M / immunology*
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / drug therapy
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / immunology*
  • Rituximab / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Gangliosides
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Rituximab
  • Mycophenolic Acid