Anesthetic Management of Patients With Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery: An Update for Anesthesiologists

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine, and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
• ² Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, CA.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
• ⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
• ⁵ Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesia Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
• ⁶ Department of Anesthesiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. Electronic address: Michael.Essandoh@osumc.edu.