Response to Time-Out Among Preschoolers with Externalizing Behavior Problems: The Role of Callous-Unemotional Traits

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018 Oct;49(5):699-708. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0788-6.

Abstract

This study examined the role of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in preschoolers with externalizing behavior problems (EBP) and their response to time-out (TO). One hundred ninety preschoolers (76% boys, Mage = 4.92) with at-risk/clinically elevated levels of EBP participated in an 8-week summer treatment program (STP-PreK). Total number of minutes spent daily in TO for intentional aggression (IA) and repeated non-compliance (RNC) were recorded during the initial (T1) and final (T2) phases of the STP-PreK. After accounting for severity of EBP and levels of TO at T1, higher levels of CU traits predicted greater total levels of TO at T2. An interaction also emerged between symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and CU traits in predicting IA. Specifically, greater ODD symptoms predicted fewer number of IA related TO at T2, but only for children with low CU traits. Implications for treatment are discussed.

Keywords: Behavioral treatment; Callous-unemotional traits; Conduct problems; Preschoolers; Time-out.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aggression / psychology*
  • Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / psychology
  • Behavior Control / methods
  • Behavior Control / psychology
  • Behavior Therapy / methods
  • Child, Preschool
  • Conduct Disorder / psychology
  • Emotions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Problem Behavior / psychology*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Self-Control / psychology
  • Social Adjustment