Pre-operative ultrasound guided wire localization for recurrent or persistent thyroid disease: A series of four cases

Abstract

Introduction: Successful pediatric revision thyroid surgery depends primarily on effective localization of recurrent or persistent lesions. Secondary to fibrosis and scarring, blind regional dissection can fail to retrieve the tissues of concern. Conventionally, high resolution CT or ultrasound of the neck has been used to map lesions within the thyroid bed. The success rate of excising recurrent lesions using these mapping techniques is at best 80%. We present a small series of patients in which hook wire localization was used to help localize and excise recurrent and/or persistent neck disease during secondary operations.

Methods: The wire-localization technique was utilized for a prospective case series of four pediatric patients with history of previous thyroidectomy and recurrent or persistent malignant thyroid disease.

Results: All four patients had recurrence or persistence of their disease process in the central or lateral neck. Patients successfully underwent preoperative hook wire localization of their persistent or recurrent neck lesions with successful subsequent neck dissection. Each case involved a single wire localization for a unique mass, equally a total of 4 lesions accessed by the technique over the four cases. The ultrasound-guided wire-localization technique assisted in the localization and excision of non-palpable lesions. No complications were seen in our small series as a result of this technique.

Conclusion: Hook wire localization may be a useful tool to help the surgeon more efficiently localize and excise recurrent or persistent disease in a scarred/previously operated field.

Keywords: Pediatric; Surgery; Thyroid; Wire localization.