Shame as a mediator between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation among veterans

J Affect Disord. 2019 Jan 15:243:216-219. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.040. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Abstract

Background: Suicidal ideation is a problem that disproportionately affects veterans. Moreover, veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appear to be at particularly high risk for suicide.

Objective: The purpose of the present research was to examine whether shame mediates the association between PTSD and suicidal ideation.

Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted in a sample of 201 veterans with PTSD seeking care through an outpatient Veterans Affairs specialty PTSD clinic.

Results: Path analysis revealed that shame fully accounted for the effects of PTSD on suicidal ideation, suggesting that shame may represent a key link between PTSD and suicidal ideation among veterans.

Limitations: Although the reverse mediation effect was also examined, the present sample was cross-sectional and predominantly male.

Conclusions: The present findings suggest that shame may be an effective point of treatment intervention to reduce suicidal ideation among veterans with PTSD; however, additional prospective research is still needed to delineate the precise nature of these associations over time.

Keywords: Emotions; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Shame; Suicidal ideation; Suicide; Veterans.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Shame*
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / diagnosis
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / psychology*
  • Suicidal Ideation*
  • Veterans / psychology*
  • Young Adult