1 Global Business Solutions, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
2 Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
3 The Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
4 Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
5 Department of Philosophy, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
6 Department of Health Informatics, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
7 Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
8 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
9 Department of Anesthesiology, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
10 School of Nursing and Health Studies, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
11 Department of Sociology, Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
12 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
13 Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
14 Division of Health Services Informatics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
15 Department of Veterans Affairs, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
16 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
17 Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
18 Department of Family Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
19 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
20 Department of Systems & Industrial Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
21 Quest Diagnostics, West Hills, California, USA.
22 Institute for Healthcare Informatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.