1 Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
2 Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
3 Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
4 BrainWorkup, LLC, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA.
5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA.
6 Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
7 Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland.
8 Department of Internal Medicine, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, 28100, Finland.
9 Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.
10 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, 14195, Germany.
11 Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, Washington, USA.
12 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA.
13 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 3), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, 10468, NY, USA.
14 Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
15 NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway.
16 Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5020, Norway.
17 Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, 11030, NY, USA.
18 Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, University of Bergen, Oslo, 0424, Norway.
19 Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway.
20 Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0315, Norway.
21 Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Crete, GR-74100, Greece.
22 Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 92093, CA, USA.
23 Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, 92093, CA, USA.
24 Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
25 Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
26 Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.
27 Institute of Medical Informatics Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.
28 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
29 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
30 Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, xxxxxx, The Netherlands.
31 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.
32 Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 06511, CT, USA.
33 Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
34 Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
35 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50937, Germany.
36 Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, 02118, MA, USA.
37 Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2031, Australia.
38 Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics (NICOG) Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
39 Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wa0les, 2308, Australia.
40 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
41 Centre for EpidemiologyDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
42 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
43 Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, 92521, CA, USA.
44 University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
45 Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany.
46 LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany.
47 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
48 Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
50 University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.
51 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
52 Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands.
53 Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 39216, MS, USA.
54 Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
55 Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
56 Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, 60612, IL, USA.
57 Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, 60612, IL, USA.
58 National Ageing Research Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
59 Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, St George's Hospital, Kew, 3010, Australia.
60 Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000, Lille, France.
61 Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0372, Norway.
62 Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, 6150, Australia.
63 Hunter Medical Research Institute and Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, 2305, Australia.
64 Department of NeurologyBryan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, and Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708, NC, USA.
65 Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Medical Psychology, and Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708, NC, USA.
66 Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, 21287, USA.
67 McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, MD, Baltimore, 21287, USA.
68 Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany.
69 Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany.
70 Departments of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, 60612, IL, USA.
71 Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2031, NSW, Australia.
72 Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, 06520, CT, USA.
73 Human Longevity Inc, Durham, 27709, NC, USA.
74 UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, 90024, CA, USA.
75 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, 94041, CA, USA.
76 Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
77 Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
78 Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
79 MRC-PHE Centre for Environment, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
80 Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23284, VA, USA.
81 Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
82 National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland.
83 Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland.
84 Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, FI-00029, Finland.
85 Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, 2018, Finland.
86 Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
87 Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, 06108, Germany.
88 Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298, VA, USA.
89 QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4029, Australia.
90 Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA.
91 Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA.
92 Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 39216, MS, USA.
93 Intramural Research Program National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.
94 Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, 11528, Greece.
95 University Mental Health Research Institute, Athens, GR-156 01, Greece.
96 Neurobiology Research Institute, Theodor-Theohari Cozzika Foundation, Athens, 11521, Greece.
97 Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA.
98 Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland.
99 Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33521, Finland.
100 Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland.
101 Department of Psychiatry Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50923, Germany.
102 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.
103 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127, Germany.
104 Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany.
105 Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA.
106 Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, 2031, Australia.
107 Brain and Mind Centre-The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
108 School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
109 Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland.
110 Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland.
111 Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, 14195, Germany.
112 Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01187, Germany.
113 Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
114 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-6465, WA, USA.
115 Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA.
116 Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.
117 Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
118 Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway.
119 K. G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, N-5009, Norway.
120 Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.
121 Department of Statistics, USBE Umeå University, S-907 97, Umeå, Sweden.
122 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
123 The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
124 Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
125 Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.
126 Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.
127 Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
128 Karolinska Institutet, Aging Research Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-113 30, Sweden.
129 Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
130 Gen-Info LLC, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
131 Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, 21000, Croatia.
132 Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, 94305-2130, CA, USA.
133 Deparment of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-7660, WA, USA.
134 Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA.
135 Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
136 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405-7007, USA.
137 Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
138 Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, 90509, CA, USA.
139 Department of Genetics and Genomic Science and Institute for Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA.
140 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, 10468, NY, USA.
141 Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.
142 Robert and Beverly Lewis Center for Neuroimaging, University of Oregon, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA.
143 Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02118, MA, USA.
144 The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, 01702-5827, MA, USA.
145 Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital, Bonn, D-53012, Germany.
146 Laboratory of NeuroGenetics, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, 27708-0086, NC, USA.
147 Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands.
148 Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
149 Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA.
150 Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
151 Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33076, France.
152 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
153 Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 1L8, Canada.
154 Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
155 Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
156 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, GR-71003, Greece.
157 Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.
158 Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030-3411, TX, USA.
159 Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, DO2 AY89, Ireland.
160 Center for Translational and Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, 10032, NY, USA.
161 Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, 02142, MA, USA.
162 Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33000, France.
163 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, 98104, WA, USA.
164 Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands.
165 Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, CO, USA.
167 Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
168 Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester Medical School, Institute of Brain, Behaviour, and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
169 Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20520, Finland.
170 School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, 2308, Australia.
171 Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, 2031, Australia.
172 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
173 Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
174 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
175 Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
176 Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
177 Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, 11004, NY, USA.
178 Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, 11549, NY, USA.
179 Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UK.
180 MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
181 Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, 78229, TX, USA.
182 Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK. i.deary@ed.ac.uk.
Christina M. Lill, who contributed to analysis of data, was inadvertently omitted from the author list in the originally published version of this article. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.