Systematic Review: The Role of Thrombolysis in Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism

J Emerg Med. 2019 Oct;57(4):517-522. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.06.014. Epub 2019 Aug 30.

Abstract

Background: This systemic review provides practicing emergency physicians updated information about the role of thrombolysis in the treatment of intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism.

Methods: A PubMed literature search from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2018 was conducted and limited to human clinical trials written in English with relevant keywords. High-quality studies were identified and then underwent a structured review. Recommendations are made based on the literature review.

Results: Sixty-three articles met criteria for rigorous review, of which 13 were appropriate for citation in this review. Of these 13, there were 6 prospective studies and 7 retrospective studies.

Conclusions: Thrombolysis, either catheter-directed or systemic, is a treatment option in the management of patients with intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism and a high likelihood of clinical deterioration. Each method of thrombolysis carries risks and benefits. Based on the available evidence, transfer to a facility for the purpose of catheter-directed thrombolysis is not recommended.

Keywords: intermediate risk; pulmonary embolism; submassive; thrombolytics.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Pulmonary Embolism / drug therapy*
  • Risk Factors
  • Thrombolytic Therapy / methods*
  • Thrombolytic Therapy / trends
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents