In 1977, plastination was unveiled, which replaced tissue fluid with a curable polymer. Today preservation via plastination of various animal and plant tissues, organs, and whole bodies is an extremely useful technique to display such and help educate vast arrays of both allied science students and the lay public across the planet. The diversity of applications of plastination techniques seems to be without limits. In fact, the only real limitation to plastination is one's imagination! The size of plastinates during the early years of plastination was comparatively small and dictated primarily by the size of the available plastination kettle/chamber, 35 L Heidelberg plastination kettle (49 cm H × 34.5 cm diam.). In the 1990s larger chambers were designed and slowly became available:150-210 cm (long) × 65-80 cm (wide) and 83-92 cm (high). Today a few large vacuum chambers are in service which will accommodate whole bodies of man and domestic or exotic animals. Today, at least two gigantic chambers are available to impregnate massive specimens. These are 3.5 m × 2 m × 1.5 m (Dalian) and 4 m × 3 m × 2.2 m (Guben). Also, the need for larger quantities of acetone and impregnation mix, not to mention the great increase in specimen preparation time, makes this a major investment. The "cold temperature process" is used to impregnate these massive creations. The room temperature technique could be used. The same four plastination steps are necessary for larger and massive specimens. Besides their tremendous size, the slippery silicone polymer is a reckoning force.
Keywords: biodur®; cold temperature plastination; dehydration; freeze substitution; larger plastinates; massive plastinates; silicone.
© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.