We perform a review of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group and putative related taxa (E. dorsocorallinus, E. zweifeli, and E. oligolepis), based on external morphology and hemipenial characters. We infer species boundaries among taxa traditionally associated with this group, recognizing two nominal subspecies (Erythrolamprus reginae reginae and E. r. macrosomus) in the species level. We propose the synonymy of E. r. semilineatus with E. reginae and recognize the validity of the related taxa, such as: E. dorsocorallinus, E. zweifeli, and E. oligolepis. In addition, two specimens occurring in the state Amapá, Brazil, are herein described as a new species. Therefore, we provide an identification key for the species of the group and discuss some of the combination of morphological features useful to delimitate the species of this group, in comparison with other representatives of the genus Erythrolamprus.
Keywords: Reptilia, Erythrolamprus reginae, morphological variation, species delimitation, hemipenial morphology, color pattern.