Discovery of [11C]MK-6884: A Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging Agent for the Study of M4Muscarinic Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulators (PAMs) in Neurodegenerative Diseases

J Med Chem. 2020 Mar 12;63(5):2411-2425. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01406. Epub 2020 Mar 3.

Abstract

The measurement of receptor occupancy (RO) using positron emission tomography (PET) has been instrumental in guiding discovery and development of CNS directed therapeutics. We and others have investigated muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (M4) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for the treatment of symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. In this article, we describe the synthesis, in vitro, and in vivo characterization of a series of central pyridine-related M4 PAMs that can be conveniently radiolabeled with carbon-11 as PET tracers for the in vivo imaging of an allosteric binding site of the M4 receptor. We first demonstrated its feasibility by mapping the receptor distribution in mouse brain and confirming that a lead molecule 1 binds selectively to the receptor only in the presence of the orthosteric agonist carbachol. Through a competitive binding affinity assay and a number of physiochemical properties filters, several related compounds were identified as candidates for in vivo evaluation. These candidates were then radiolabeled with 11C and studied in vivo in rhesus monkeys. This research eventually led to the discovery of the clinical radiotracer candidate [11C]MK-6884.

MeSH terms

  • Allosteric Regulation / drug effects*
  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • Carbon Radioisotopes / chemistry
  • Carbon Radioisotopes / pharmacology
  • Cricetulus
  • Humans
  • Macaca mulatta
  • Muscarinic Agonists / chemistry
  • Muscarinic Agonists / pharmacology*
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / drug therapy
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Receptor, Muscarinic M4 / agonists*
  • Receptor, Muscarinic M4 / metabolism

Substances

  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • Muscarinic Agonists
  • Pyridines
  • Receptor, Muscarinic M4