Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic and destructive bowel disease; continued disease activity can lead to penetrating complications. With the recent advent of effective medications, the importance of using a treat-to-target approach to guide therapy is becoming important.
Methods: In this review, we reviewed the previous evidence for evaluating CD lesions.
Results: We describe ileocolonoscopy's role in assessing disease activity, as well as recent progress in modalities, such as balloon-assisted endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, magnetic resonance enterography, computed tomography enterography, and ultrasonography. Advances in modalities have changed CD assessment, with small-bowel involvement becoming more important.
Conclusions: Proper optimization is necessary in clinical practice.
Keywords: Endoscopy; Enterography; Inflammatory bowel disease; Mucosal healing; Ultrasonography.