Epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in hospitals of a large healthcare system in Miami, Florida from 2012 to 2016: Five years of experience with an internal registry

Am J Infect Control. 2020 Nov;48(11):1341-1347. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.04.013. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Abstract

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is an urgent public health threat globally. Limited data are available regarding the epidemiology of CRE in South Florida. We describe the epidemiology of CRE within a large public healthcare system in Miami, FL, the experience with an internal registry, active surveillance testing, and the impact of infection prevention practices.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study in 4 hospitals from a large healthcare system in Miami-Dade County, FL from 2012 to 2016. The internal registry included all CRE cases from active surveillance testing from rectal and/or tracheal screening occurring in the intensive care units of 2 of the hospitals and clinical cultures across the healthcare system. All CRE cases were tagged in the electronic medical record and automatically entered into a platform for automatic infection control surveillance. The system alerted about new cases, readmissions, and transfers.

Results: A total of 371 CRE cases were identified. The overall prevalence was 0.077 cases per 100 patient-admissions; the admission prevalence was 0.019 per 100 patient-admissions, and the incidence density was 1.46 cases per 10,000 patient-days. Rates increased during the first 3 years of the study and declined later to a lower level than at the beginning of study period.

Conclusions: Active surveillance testing and the use of an internal registry facilitated prompt identification of cases contributing to control increasing rates of CRE by rapid implementation of infection prevention strategies.

Keywords: Active surveillance testing, Infection prevention and control; Bacterial; Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenems; Drug Resistance; Multidrug resistant organisms registry; Multiple; South Florida.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae*
  • Carbapenems / pharmacology
  • Cross Infection* / drug therapy
  • Cross Infection* / epidemiology
  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections* / drug therapy
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections* / epidemiology
  • Florida / epidemiology
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • beta-Lactamases

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Carbapenems
  • beta-Lactamases