Purinergic Signaling in Pancreas-From Physiology to Therapeutic Strategies in Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

The purinergic signaling has an important role in regulating pancreatic exocrine secretion. The exocrine pancreas is also a site of one of the most serious cancer forms, the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we explore how the network of purinergic and adenosine receptors, as well as ecto-nucleotidases regulate normal pancreatic cells and various cells within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. In particular, we focus on the P2X7 receptor, P2Y₂ and P2Y₁₂ receptors, as well as A₂ receptors and ecto-nucleotidases CD39 and CD73. Recent studies indicate that targeting one or more of these candidates could present new therapeutic approaches to treat pancreatic cancer. In pancreatic cancer, as much as possible of normal pancreatic function should be preserved, and therefore physiology of purinergic signaling in pancreas needs to be considered.

Keywords: PDAC; PSC; fibrosis; immune cells; immunotherapy; inflammation; ion channels; pancreatic cancer; pancreatic stellate cells; pancreatitis.