Mitigation of the effect of drought on growth and yield of pomegranates by foliar spraying of different sizes of selenium nanoparticles

J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Sep;101(12):5202-5213. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11167. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Abstract

Background: Drought is a very important environmental stressor, which has negative effects on the growth of trees, decreasing their yield. The role of different-sized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) in the mitigation of environmental stresses such as drought in crops has not yet been investigated.

Results: Trees treated with Se-NPs displayed higher levels of photosynthetic pigments, a better nutrient status, better physical parameters (especially fruit cracking) and chemical parameters, a higher phenolic content, and higher concentrations of osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes, and abscisic acid than untreated trees under drought stress. Foliar spraying of 10 and 50 nm Se-NPs alleviated many of the deleterious effects of drought in pomegranate leaves and fruits and this was achieved by reducing stress-induced lipid peroxidation and H2 O2 content by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the 10 nm Se-NPs treatment produced more noticeable effects than the treatment with 50 nm Se-NPs.

Conclusion: Results confirm the positive effects of nanoparticle spraying, especially the role of 10 nm Se-NPs in the management of negative effects of drought not only for pomegranates but potentially also for other crops. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords: drought; fruit quality; nanoparticles; pomegranate; selenium.

MeSH terms

  • Abscisic Acid / analysis
  • Abscisic Acid / metabolism
  • Antioxidants / analysis
  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Crop Production
  • Droughts
  • Fruit / drug effects
  • Fruit / growth & development
  • Fruit / metabolism
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Photosynthesis
  • Plant Leaves / drug effects*
  • Plant Leaves / growth & development
  • Plant Leaves / metabolism
  • Pomegranate / drug effects
  • Pomegranate / growth & development*
  • Pomegranate / metabolism
  • Selenium / chemistry
  • Selenium / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Abscisic Acid
  • Selenium