Usefulness of Exam Questions and Vital Signs for Predicting the Outcome of Objective Vestibular Tests

Laryngoscope. 2021 Jun;131(6):1382-1385. doi: 10.1002/lary.29487. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the value of standard clinic screening questions and vital signs in predicting abnormal vestibular function, indicated by standard objective diagnostic tests.

Study design: Retrospective records review.

Methods: We reviewed electronic medical records of 150 patients seen by the neurotologists or the physician assistant they supervised, in an out-patient tertiary care clinic, between June 2018 and March 2020, and subsequently referred for the complete objective vestibular test battery (VB).

Results: Of standard questions asked during the initial exam about vertigo, disequilibrium, lightheadedness and oscillopsia, only vertigo predicted an abnormal response on the VB. More males than females had abnormal VB responses, P < .05. Pulse was not related to VB score. Significantly more subjects with blood pressure in the range for stage 2 hypertension (blood pressure [BP] stage 2) had abnormal than normal results on the VB, P < .00001. Subjects with BP stage 2 had high rates of diabetes (34.2%) and hypertension (68.4%) as diagnosed by their primary care physicians or cardiologists.

Conclusion: Complaints of subjective vertigo and BP in the range of hypertension stage 2 are most likely to predict abnormal findings on the VB. Therefore, during an examination of a patient who comes in complaining of dizziness, two measures may be the most useful for screening: BP in the range of hypertension type 2, when BP is taken by a nurse, and a question to determine whether or not the patient has true vertigo.

Level of evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 131:1382-1385, 2021.

Keywords: Dizziness; blood pressure; hypertension; initial examination; vestibular screening.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Physical Examination / statistics & numerical data*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / standards*
  • Vestibular Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Vestibular Diseases / etiology
  • Vestibular Function Tests / statistics & numerical data*
  • Vital Signs