Prognostic value of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a prognostic biomarker of cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the early prognostic value of suPAR in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Patients and methods: In a post-hoc analysis from a multicenter study including patients with a chest pain < 6 h, suPAR concentrations at ED admission were studied according to the outcome at 30-days.

Results: 198 patients (median age 56 years) in whom 16% had an ACS, were included. Fifteen (7.3%) patients presented a 30-day event. At ED admission, median (IQR) suPAR concentrations were higher in patients with a 30-day event in comparison to patients without event (4.54 (3.09-8.61) vs. 2.72 (2.10-3.43) ng/mL, p < 0.001). The ROC curve AUC of suPAR for the prediction of a 30-days event was 0.775 [95%CI: 0.710-0.831]. The optimal threshold was 3.3 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 73 [45-92] % and a specificity of 72 [65-79] %. The association of a suPAR < 3.3 ng/mL AND a NT-proBNP < 160 ng/L AND a HEART score < 4 had a negative predictive value of 99 [91-100] %. A suPAR value at admission above 3.3 ng/mL was independently and significantly associated with a 30-day event in chest pain emergency patients (OR 4.87 [1.35-17.51], p = 0.015).

Conclusion: suPAR is a promising biomarker for early prediction of events in chest pain emergency patients.

Keywords: 30-day event; Chest pain; ED; Emergency department; Outcome; Prognostic; Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor; suPAR.