Enlargement of the genital hiatus is associated with prolapse recurrence in patients undergoing sacrospinous ligament fixation

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2022 Apr;157(1):96-101. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13828. Epub 2021 Jul 30.

Abstract

Objective: To correlate genital hiatus (GH) size with surgical failures in patients undergoing sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) and compare anatomic outcomes after classification based on GH size.

Methods: A retrospective review of 81 patients who underwent SSLF for apical prolapse from 2010 to 2016 at a teaching hospital. Anatomical outcome is reported using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantifications System. A comparison of parametric continuous variables was performed using unpaired Student t test. Categorical variables were evaluated using Pearson's χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. A P value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Among the 81 patients, no difference in age, parity, body mass index, preoperative prolapse stage or follow-up time was noted between those whose surgery succeeded and those with failed surgery. Postoperatively, a widened GH was significantly associated with recurrent prolapse (P < 0.001). When the preoperative size of the GH was dichotomized into widened (≥4 cm) or normal (<4 cm), there was a non-significant (P = 0.444) trend of more failures in the widened GH group. A posterior colporrhaphy did not improve success.

Conclusion: Both preoperative and postoperative widened GH correlated with having more surgical failures following SSLF. Importantly, postoperatively a normal size GH was significantly associated with more surgical success.

Keywords: apical prolapse; genital hiatus; prolapse recurrence; sacrospinous ligament fixation; surgical outcomes.

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Gynecologic Surgical Procedures*
  • Humans
  • Ligaments / surgery
  • Pelvic Organ Prolapse* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vagina / surgery