Detraining of specific neuromuscular qualities in elite footballers during COVID-19 quarantine

Sci Med Footb. 2021 Nov;5(sup1):26-31. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1834123. Epub 2020 Nov 22.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic forced elite football leagues into extended breaks followed by prompt resumption of competition. Inadequate periods of on-pitch football-specific training may underlie the increased injury incidence reported following restart in a non-peer reviewed report. Detraining effects from isolated training are expected, but existing models do not completely describe the unprecedented conditions imposed by COVID-19.Providing insight into specific neuromuscular qualities affected by extended absence of football-specific training, we share countermovement jump performance and kinetic data from an elite team's assessments pre and post 15 weeks of isolated training, and to contextualise these trends, off-season changes with no training.The isolated circuit resistance and aerobic interval training maintained jump height and Reactive Strength Indexmodified, but there were moderate magnitude (p = 0.01-0.04) changes in eccentric 'yielding' and landing 'loading' phase variables. These changes suggest a compromised initiation of countermovement deceleration, impact attenuation and altered coordination/motor control strategies or muscle-tendon properties. This analysis may have revealed kinetic markers specifically stimulated by football-specific training/competition, relevant to post-quarantine monitoring. Lower landing forces may reduce overuse injury risk, while yielding phase alterations suggest a negative effect on reactive performance, therefore the overall effect on vulnerability to injury is unclear.

Keywords: COVID-19; countermovement jump; detraining; elite football; jump-landing kinetics; sports-specific training.

MeSH terms

  • Athletic Performance*
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • Quarantine
  • SARS-CoV-2