A novel BiPO4 photocatalyst has been fabricated via a facile precipitation route using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. The physical and chemical properties of the BiPO4 photocatalyst material were analyzed using XRD, Rietveld refinements XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, EDS, XPS, FT-IR, Raman spectra, UV-Vis (DRS), and PL. The results confirm that hexagonal phase BiPO4 (HBIP) nanorods were successfully synthesized. FE-SEM images reveal that the addition of surfactant "CTAB" during preparation can control the surface morphology of BiPO4. The Rietveld refinement technique revealed the formation of a monazite monoclinic (nMBIP) and monoclinic (mMBIP) phase junction resulting from the calcination of HBIP at 500 °C. The photocatalytic behavior of the as-synthesized hexagonal and monoclinic BiPO4 nanostructures towards aniline blue (AB) degradation under UV light was systematically investigated. Among all catalysts, the phase junction (nMBIP-mMBIP) structure demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity. The degradation rate of AB over the (nMBIP-mMBIP) phase junction structure was 3.4 times higher than that by HBIP. These results suggested that the surface-phase junction provides a synergistic effect for the electron-hole transfer process.
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