Racial and Ethnic Bias in Pulse Oximetry and Clinical Outcomes

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
• ² Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
• ³ National Clinician Scholars Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
• ⁴ Department for Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
• ⁵ Center for Digital Health, Penn Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
• ⁶ Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland.