Recent advances in cytoplasmic lipid droplet metabolism in intestinal enterocyte

Murooj Ghanem; Gary F Lewis; Changting Xiao

doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159197

Recent advances in cytoplasmic lipid droplet metabolism in intestinal enterocyte

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2022 Oct;1867(10):159197. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159197. Epub 2022 Jul 9.

Authors

Murooj Ghanem¹, Gary F Lewis², Changting Xiao³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
² Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, and University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
³ Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Electronic address: changting.xiao@usask.ca.

PMID: 35820577
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159197

Abstract

Processing of dietary fats in the intestine is a highly regulated process that influences whole-body energy homeostasis and multiple physiological functions. Dysregulated lipid handling in the intestine leads to dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In intestinal enterocytes, lipids are incorporated into lipoproteins and cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs). Lipoprotein synthesis and CLD metabolism are inter-connected pathways with multiple points of regulation. This review aims to highlight recent advances in the regulatory mechanisms of lipid processing in the enterocyte, with particular focus on CLDs. In-depth understanding of the regulation of lipid metabolism in the enterocyte may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders.

Keywords: Cytoplasmic lipid droplet; Enterocyte; Intestine; Triacylglycerol.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cytosol / metabolism
Dietary Fats / metabolism
Enterocytes* / metabolism
Lipid Droplets* / metabolism
Lipid Metabolism / physiology

Substances

Dietary Fats