Antibiotypes and high frequency of toxin genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from nares of dogs and dog guardians in Nigeria

Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses; Charles Okechukwu Esimone; Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha; J E Rubin; M K Sniatynsky; Ághata Cardoso da Silva Ribeiro; Fernanda Fernandes Santos; Rodrigo Cayo da Silva; Ana Cristina Gales

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101870

Antibiotypes and high frequency of toxin genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from nares of dogs and dog guardians in Nigeria

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022 Oct:89:101870. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101870. Epub 2022 Sep 6.

Authors

Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses¹, Charles Okechukwu Esimone², Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha³, J E Rubin⁴, M K Sniatynsky⁴, Ághata Cardoso da Silva Ribeiro⁵, Fernanda Fernandes Santos⁵, Rodrigo Cayo da Silva⁵, Ana Cristina Gales⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria; Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781, São Paulo SP, Brazil. Electronic address: ikechukwu.moses@ebsu.edu.ng.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
³ Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
⁴ Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM), University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
⁵ Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

PMID: 36088796
DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101870

Abstract

To determine the antibiotypes and frequency of toxin genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), 281 nasal swab samples were collected from dogs and dog guardians in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was determined by disc diffusion technique while detection of toxin genes was carried out by PCR. Exactly 41 (28.7 %) and 6 (4.3 %) MRSP were obtained from dogs and dog guardians respectively. Isolates exhibited resistance (100-16.7 %) to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems. Sec_canine, lukD, siet, and exi toxin genes were harboured by 42 (89.4 %), 47 (100 %), 37 (78.7 %), and 2 (4.3 %) MRSP isolates respectively. This study has shown that dogs and dog guardians in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria are colonized by multiple drug-resistant MRSP which harbour toxin genes. This represents a significant public health problem in veterinary and human medicine.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Dog guardians; Methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius; Shelter dogs; Toxin genes; Zoonotic transmission.

MeSH terms

Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Dog Diseases* / epidemiology
Dogs
Fluoroquinolones
Humans
Methicillin Resistance / genetics
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
Microbial Sensitivity Tests / veterinary
Nigeria / epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections* / epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections* / veterinary
Staphylococcus

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Fluoroquinolones
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination

Supplementary concepts

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius