Predictive model of persistent choledocholithiasis in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis

Abstract

Background: Choledocholithiasis causing acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) may migrate to the duodenum or persist in the common bile duct (CBD). We developed a model for predicting persistent choledocholithiasis (PC) in patients with ABP.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 204 patients, age ≥18 years (mean age: 73 years, 65.7% women), admitted for ABP in 2013-2018, with at least a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and/or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Epidemiological, analytical, imaging, and endoscopic variables were compared between patients with and without PC. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to develop a predictive model of PC.

Results: Patients underwent MRCP (n=145, 71.1), MRCP and ERCP (n=44, 21.56%), EUS and ERCP (n=1, 0.49%), or ERCP (n=14, 6.86%). PC was detected in 49 patients (24%). PC was strongly associated with CBD dilation, detected in the emergency ultrasound (p<0.001; OR=27; 95% CI: 5.8-185.5), increased blood levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, detected at 72h (p=0.008; OR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.5-8.9); and biliary sludge in the gallbladder (p=0.008; OR=0.03; 95% CI: 0.001-0.3).

Conclusions: The predictive model showed a validated area under the curve (AUC) of 0.858 for detecting PC in patients with ABP. A nomogram was developed based on model results.

Conclusions: The predictive model was highly effective in detecting PC in patients with ABP. Therefore, this model could be useful in clinical practice.

Keywords: Acute biliary pancreatitis; Choledocolitiasis; Colangiografía por resonancia magnética; Colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica; Coledocolitiasis; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Magnetic resonance imaging cholangiography; Modelo predictivo; Pancreatitis aguda biliar; Predictive model.