Reducing the 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease to receive early cardiovascular benefits from bariatric surgery for obesity in China

Yinhui Li; Jia Liu; Biao Zhou; Xiaohui Li; Zhenyu Wu; Hua Meng; Guang Wang

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.978682

Reducing the 10-year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease to receive early cardiovascular benefits from bariatric surgery for obesity in China

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Oct 11:9:978682. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.978682. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yinhui Li¹, Jia Liu¹, Biao Zhou², Xiaohui Li¹, Zhenyu Wu¹, Hua Meng², Guang Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² Department of General Surgery and Obesity, Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular risk due to obesity can be improved greatly by bariatric surgery. However, there is no research involving appropriate model for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk reduction in bariatric surgery for obesity in China. We selected the ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) risk score that accurately predict cardiovascular risk in Chinese adults to evaluate the 10-year risk of ICVD and estimated early cardiovascular benefits of bariatric surgery in obese Chinese patients through its reduction.

Methods: From 2017 to 2019 we followed up 107 patients 6 months after surgery and measured the ICVD 10-year risk and other cardiovascular factors before and after surgery.

Results: There were significant reductions in the ICVD total score (p < 0.001) and ICVD 10-year risk (%) (p < 0.001) 6 months post-operation compared with baseline. Furthermore, we found significant reductions in body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), small dense-low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) and triglycerides (TG) 6 months after surgery compared with pre-operation (all p < 0.05). The decrease in ICVD total score was correlated with excess BMI loss (%EBMIL), reduced BAI, reduced LDL, reduced sd-LDL and reduced TG respectively (all p < 0.05) at 6 months post-operation. Moreover, there were significant reductions in the ICVD total score in the male subgroup [3 (3, 5) vs. 2.5 (2, 4), p < 0.001] and female subgroup [3 (2, 4) vs. 2 (1, 3), p < 0.001] 6 months post-operation compared with baseline. At last there were also significant reductions in the ICVD total score in the diabetic subgroup [5 (4, 6) vs. 4 (3, 5), p < 0.001] and non-diabetic subgroup [2 (2,3) vs. 2 (1, 2), p < 0.001] 6 months post-operation compared with baseline.

Conclusions: Bariatric surgery could provide early cardiovascular benefits for patients with obesity in China by reducing the 10-year risk of ICVD. Both men and women with obesity achieved cardiovascular benefits according to bariatric surgery, so did diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Keywords: China; bariatric surgery; early cardiovascular benefits; ischemic cardiovascular disease; obesity.