Relationships between Type 1 interferon signatures and clinical features of the new-onset lupus patients in Japan

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of the study is to investigate the relationships between Type 1 interferon (T1-IFN) signatures and clinical characteristics of lupus patients.

Methods: We examined 49 new-onset lupus patients who were diagnosed between 1999 and 2017. The patients treated with >10 mg of prednisolone or hydroxychloroquine were excluded from this study. Serum T1-IFN signatures were revealed by a functional reporter assay and standardized by recombinant IFN-α. Patient backgrounds, clinical findings, and treatments were retrospectively extracted from their electrical medical records. Clinical data were also available, including SLE Disease Activity Index of SLE patients on admission.

Results: T1-IFN signatures of lupus patients closely correlated with lupus disease activities, such as SLE Disease Activity Index-2K, white blood cell, C3 levels, and the titre of double-strand DNA antibody. We found fever and acute lupus dermatitis closely associated with T1-IFN signature.

Conclusions: In lupus patients, fever and acute lupus dermatitis are good indicators of a strong T1-IFN signature.

Keywords: IFN; SLE; Type 1 IFN signature; anifrolumab; lupus.