Cell-type-specific need of Ddx3 and PACT for interferon induction by RNA viruses

J Virol. 2023 Dec 21;97(12):e0130423. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01304-23. Epub 2023 Nov 20.

Abstract

Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are induced in response to interferon expression due to viral infections. Role of these ISGs can be variable in different cells or organs. Our study highlights such cell-specific role of an ISG, Ddx3, which regulates the translation of mRNAs essential for interferon induction (PACT) and interferon signaling (STAT1) in a cell-specific manner. Our study also highlights the role of PACT in RNA virus-induced RLR signaling. Our study depicts how Ddx3 regulates innate immune signaling pathways in an indirect manner. Such cell-specific behavior of ISGs helps us to better understand viral pathogenesis and highlights the complexities of viral tropism and innate immune responses.

Keywords: Ddx3; PACT; RLR signaling; RNA virus.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate* / immunology
  • Interferons* / biosynthesis
  • Interferons* / immunology
  • Mice
  • RNA Viruses* / immunology
  • RNA Viruses* / pathogenicity
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Interferons
  • Ddx3x protein, mouse
  • Rbbp6 protein, mouse
  • Stat1 protein, mouse