case of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy with eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid

J Neuroimmunol. 2023 Dec 15:385:578249. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578249. Epub 2023 Nov 19.

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) eosinophilia is associated with a narrow differential, primarily including parasitic and fungal infections, neoplasm, and chemical meningitis. It has rarely been reported in neuroinflammatory conditions including as a finding of CSF cytology in two autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy cases. Here we describe a case of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy with classic clinical and radiographic features as well as presence of eosinophils in the CSF. This case highlights a potential association of eosinophils in the CSF with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy, which may suggest its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic meningitis, encephalitis, or myelitis.

Keywords: Autoimmune encephalitis; Eosinophils; Glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy; Meningitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Astrocytes / metabolism
  • Autoantibodies
  • Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System*
  • Encephalitis* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Eosinophils
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Humans
  • Meningitis* / diagnostic imaging

Substances

  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Autoantibodies