Treatment and practical considerations of diabetic kidney disease

Yara Bilen; Allaa Almoushref; Kenda Alkwatli; Omar Osman; Ali Mehdi; Hanny Sawaf

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1264497

Treatment and practical considerations of diabetic kidney disease

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Dec 1:10:1264497. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1264497. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yara Bilen¹, Allaa Almoushref², Kenda Alkwatli³, Omar Osman², Ali Mehdi^#², Hanny Sawaf^#²

Affiliations

¹ Cleveland Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.
² Cleveland Clinic, Department of Kidney Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.
³ Cleveland Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Cleveland, OH, United States.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a complication of diabetes that can lead to kidney failure. Over the years, several drugs have been developed to combat this disease. In the early 90s, angiotensin blockade (ACEi and ARBs) was introduced, which revolutionized the treatment of DKD. In recent years, newer drugs such as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, endothelin antagonists, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have shown great promise in reducing albuminuria and protecting the kidneys. These drugs are being used in combination with lifestyle modifications, patient education, and risk factor modification to effectively manage DKD. In this review, we will explore the latest pharmacological options, their efficacy, and their potential to revolutionize the management of this debilitating disease.

Keywords: GLP-1 receptor agonist; SGLT2 inhibitor; chronic kidney disease; diabetes; diabetic kidney disease; diabetic nephropathy; finerenone.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.