Cerebrovascular reactivity in Alzheimer's disease signature regions is associated with mild cognitive impairment in adults with hypertension

Alzheimers Dement. 2024 Mar;20(3):1784-1796. doi: 10.1002/alz.13572. Epub 2023 Dec 18.

Abstract

Introduction: Vascular risk factors contribute to cognitive decline suggesting that maintaining cerebrovascular health could reduce dementia risk. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), a measure of brain blood vessel elasticity, with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Methods: Participants were enrolled in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Memory and Cognition in Decreased Hypertension (SPRINT-MIND) magnetic resonance imaging substudy. Baseline CVR in Alzheimer's disease (AD) signature regions were primary variables of interest. The occipital pole and postcentral gyrus were included as control regions.

Results: Higher AD composite CVR was associated with lower MCI risk. No significant associations between inferior temporal gyrus, occipital pole, or postcentral gyrus CVR and MCI risk, or any regional CVR-combined risk associations were observed.

Discussion: CVR in AD signature regions is negatively associated with occurrence of MCI, implicating CVR in AD signature regions as a potential mechanism leading to cognitive impairment.

Keywords: biomarkers; cerebrovascular reactivity; cognitive dysfunction; hypertension; mild cognitive impairment.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alzheimer Disease* / pathology
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Cognition / physiology
  • Cognitive Dysfunction* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / complications
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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