The use of colonic stents as a bridge to surgery in malignant colonic obstruction - A dual trust experience over 10 years

Ulster Med J. 2024 Jan;92(3):134-138. Epub 2024 Jan 29.

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide colonic cancer is the third most common cancer with up to 30% of cases presenting with large bowel obstruction. Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) have been used as a bridge to surgery (BTS) in the treatment of this malignant obstruction. We review the outcomes of SEMS as a BTS across two high volume colorectal units.

Methodology: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing colonic stenting as a bridge to surgery was performed; outcomes were compared to previously published figures on emergency colonic resections. Inclusion criteria were adults (>18 years of age) undergoing colonic stenting for colonic obstruction with a view to elective resection. Patients undergoing stenting for palliation of symptoms were excluded.

Results: 39 patients were identified across both trusts over a ten-year period. 90 day mortality following BTS was found to be 3.6% and there was an 82.1% (32/39) technical success rate. 46.4% proceeded to an elective resection which was started laparoscopically. Permanent stoma rate was observed at 14.3% for elective surgery.

Conclusion: Stenting for relief of acute malignant obstruction as a bridge to surgery is a viable option in select patients. Further research is required to determine oncological safety and rate of local recurrences.

Keywords: Intestinal obstruction; colonoscopy; colorectal neoplasms; self-expanding metallic stents.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Colonic Neoplasms* / complications
  • Colonic Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Colorectal Neoplasms*
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / etiology
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stents
  • Treatment Outcome