A Modular Approach for the Synthesis of Diverse Heterobifunctional Cyanine Dyes

J Org Chem. 2024 Mar 15;89(6):3844-3856. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02673. Epub 2024 Feb 27.

Abstract

Herein, we present a straightforward synthetic route for the design and synthesis of diverse heterobifunctional cyanine 5 dyes. We optimized the workup by harnessing the pH- and functional group-dependent solubility of the asymmetric cyanine 5 dyes. Therefore, purification through chromatography is deferred until the last synthesis step. Demonstrating successful large-scale synthesis, our modular approach prevents functional group degradation by introducing them in the last synthesis step. These modifiable heterobifunctional dyes offer significant utility in advancing biological studies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carbocyanines
  • Coloring Agents*
  • Fluorescent Dyes* / chemistry
  • Solubility

Substances

  • Coloring Agents
  • Carbocyanines
  • Fluorescent Dyes