Glycated albumin in the detection of diabetes during COVID-19 hospitalization

PLoS One. 2024 Mar 18;19(3):e0297952. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297952. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes has emerged as an important risk factor for COVID-19 adverse outcomes during hospitalization. We investigated whether the measurement of glycated albumin (GA) may be useful in detecting newly diagnosed diabetes during COVID-19 hospitalization.

Methods: In this cross-sectional test accuracy study we evaluated HCPA Biobank data and samples from consecutive in-patients, from 30 March 2020 to 20 December 2020. ROC curves were used to analyse the performance of GA to detect newly diagnosed diabetes (patients without a previous diagnosis of diabetes and admission HbA1c ≥6.5%).

Results: A total of 184 adults (age 58.6 ± 16.6years) were enrolled, including 31 with newly diagnosed diabetes. GA presented AUCs of 0.739 (95% CI 0.642-0.948) to detect newly diagnosed diabetes. The GA cut-offs of 19.0% was adequate to identify newly diagnosed diabetes with high specificity (85.0%) but low sensitivity (48.4%).

Conclusions: GA showed good performance to identify newly diagnosed diabetes and may be useful for identifying adults with the condition in COVID-19-related hospitalization.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • COVID-19* / diagnosis
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / diagnosis
  • Glycated Serum Albumin
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Serum Albumin / analysis

Substances

  • Glycated Serum Albumin
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Serum Albumin
  • Blood Glucose

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Research Incentive Fund (FIPE) of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) (FIPE/HCPA, GPPG 2021-0256), and by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 401610/2020-9, Chamada MCTIC/CNPq/FNDCT/MS/SCTIE/Decit N 07/2020). FCC received scholarship from Programa de Excelência Acadêmica da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Finance Code 001 (CAPES-PROEX). LGS received an undergraduate scholarship from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.