Kumquat peel-derived biochar to support zeolitic imidazole framework-67 (ZIF-67) for enhancing peracetic acid activation to remove acetaminophen from aqueous solution

Thi-Kim-Tuyen Nguyen; Thanh-Binh Nguyen; Chiu-Wen Chen; Wei-Hsin Chen; Linjer Chen; Shuchen Hsieh; Cheng-Di Dong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123970

Kumquat peel-derived biochar to support zeolitic imidazole framework-67 (ZIF-67) for enhancing peracetic acid activation to remove acetaminophen from aqueous solution

Environ Pollut. 2024 Apr 16:350:123970. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123970. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Thi-Kim-Tuyen Nguyen¹, Thanh-Binh Nguyen¹, Chiu-Wen Chen², Wei-Hsin Chen³, Linjer Chen¹, Shuchen Hsieh⁴, Cheng-Di Dong⁵

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan.
² Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan.
³ Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, 411, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 80424, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan. Electronic address: cddong@nkust.edu.tw.

PMID: 38636839
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123970

Abstract

This study presents the synthesis of a novel composite catalyst, ZIF-67, doped on sodium bicarbonate-modified biochar derived from kumquat peels (ZIF-67@KSB3), for the enhanced activation of peracetic acid (PAA) in the degradation of acetaminophen (APAP) in aqueous solutions. The composite demonstrated a high degradation efficiency, achieving 94.3% elimination of APAP at an optimal condition of 200 mg L^-1 catalyst dosage and 0.4 mM PAA concentration at pH 7. The degradation mechanism was elucidated, revealing that superoxide anion (O₂^•-) played a dominant role, while singlet oxygen (¹O₂) and alkoxyl radicals (R-O^•) also contributed significantly. The degradation pathways of APAP were proposed based on LC-MS analyses and molecular electrostatic potential calculations, identifying three primary routes of transformation. Stability tests confirmed that the ZIF-67@KSB3 catalyst retained an 86% efficiency in APAP removal after five successive cycles, underscoring its durability and potential for application in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.

Keywords: Acetaminophen; Degradation; Kumquat peel-derived biochar; NaHCO(3) activation; Peracetic acid; ZIF-67.