Discovery of an Ortho-Substituted N-Cyclopropylmethyl-7α-phenyl-6,14- endo ethano-tetrahydronorthebaine Derivative as a Selective and Potent Kappa Opioid Receptor Agonist with Subsided Sedative Effect

J Med Chem. 2024 May 9;67(9):7112-7129. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02439. Epub 2024 Apr 22.

Abstract

Research into kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists with attenuated central-nervous-system side effects is a critical focus for developing productive and safe analgesics. Herein, a series of ortho-substituted N-cyclopropylmethyl-7α-phenyl-6,14-endoethano-tetrahydronorthebaines were designed, synthesized, and subjected to bioassays. Compound 7a exhibited high subtype selectivity and potent agonistic activity toward KOR (KOR, Ki = 3.9 nM, MOR/KOR = 270, DOR/KOR = 1075; [35S]GTPγS binding, EC50 = 3.4 nM). Additionally, this compound exhibited robust and persistent antinociceptive effects in rodent models with different animal strains (hot plate test, ED50 = 0.20-0.30 mg/kg, i.p.; abdominal constriction test, ED50 = 0.20-0.60 mg/kg, i.p.), with its KOR-mediated mechanism for antinociception firmly established. Notably, compound 7a, unlike conventional KOR agonists, displayed minimal sedation and aversion at the antinociceptive ED50 dose. This feature addresses a crucial limitation in existing KOR agonists, positioning compound 7a as a promising novel therapeutic agent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / chemical synthesis
  • Analgesics / chemistry
  • Analgesics / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Cricetulus
  • Drug Discovery
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / chemical synthesis
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / chemistry
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptors, Opioid, kappa* / agonists
  • Receptors, Opioid, kappa* / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Receptors, Opioid, kappa
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
  • Analgesics