Synthesis of magnetic MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Fe) supported on porous carbons derived from Bidens pilosa weed and their adsorptive comparison of toxic dyes

Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen; A A Jalil; N S Hassan; Luan Minh Nguyen; Dai Hai Nguyen; Thuan Van Tran

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142087

Synthesis of magnetic MFe₂O₄ (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Fe) supported on porous carbons derived from Bidens pilosa weed and their adsorptive comparison of toxic dyes

Chemosphere. 2024 Apr 22:358:142087. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142087. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen¹, A A Jalil², N S Hassan³, Luan Minh Nguyen⁴, Dai Hai Nguyen⁵, Thuan Van Tran¹

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam.
² Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: aishahaj@utm.my.
³ Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor, Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
⁴ Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam.
⁵ Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam.

PMID: 38657696
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142087

Abstract

Bidens pilosa is classified as an invasive plant and has become a problematic weed to many agricultural crops. This species strongly germinates, grows and reproduces and competing for nutrients with local plants. To lessen the influence of Bidens pilosa, therefore, converting this harmful species into carbon materials as adsorbents in harm-to-wealth and valorization strategies is required. Here, we synthesized a series of magnetic composites based on MFe₂O₄ (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Fe) supported on porous carbon (MFOAC) derived from Bidens pilosa by a facile hydrothermal method. The Bidens pilosa carbon was initially activated by condensed H₃PO₄ to increase the surface chemistry. We observed that porous carbon loaded NiFe₂O₄ (NFOAC) reached the highest surface area (795.7 m² g^-1), followed by CoFe₂O₄/AC (449.1 m² g^-1), Fe₃O₄/AC (426.1 m² g^-1), ZnFe₂O₄/AC (409.5 m² g^-1). Morphological results showed nanoparticles were well-dispersed on the surface of carbon. RhB, MO, and MR dyes were used as adsorbate to test the adsorption by MFOAC. Effect of time (0-360 min), concentration (5-50 mg L^-1), dosage (0.05-0.2 g L^-1), and pH (3-9) on dyes adsorption onto MFOAC was investigated. It was found that NFOAC obtained the highest maximum adsorption capacity against dyes, RhB (107.96 mg g^-1) < MO (148.05 mg g^-1) < MR (153.1 mg g^-1). Several mechanisms such as H bonding, π-π stacking, cation-π interaction, and electrostatic interaction were suggested. With sufficient stability and capacity, NFOAC can be used as potential adsorbent for real water treatment systems.

Keywords: Adsorption; Bidens pilosa; Composites; Dye removal; Invasive plant.