A Unique Combination of Mn2+ and Aluminum Adjuvant Acted the Synergistic Effect

Yuwei Cen; Shujie Chen; Shuyu Wei; Shuangshuang Wu; Mingyang Tao; Youxi Fu; Yuncheng Wang; Jing Chen; Yixuan Ma; Hongyan Liu; Baifen Song; Jinzhu Ma; Beiyan Wang; Yudong Cui

doi:10.1155/2024/7502110

A Unique Combination of Mn²⁺ and Aluminum Adjuvant Acted the Synergistic Effect

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2024 Apr 17:2024:7502110. doi: 10.1155/2024/7502110. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
² Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.

Abstract

Introduction: The development of combinatorial adjuvants is a promising strategy to boost vaccination efficiency. Accumulating evidence indicates that manganese exerts strong immunocompetence and will become an enormous potential adjuvant. Here, we described a novel combination of Mn²⁺ plus aluminum hydroxide (AH) adjuvant that significantly exhibited the synergistic immune effect. Methodology. Initially, IsdB3 proteins as the immune-dominant fragment of IsdB proteins derived from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were prepared. IsdB3 proteins were identified by western blotting. Furthermore, we immunized C57/B6 mice with IsdB3 proteins plus Mn²⁺ and AH adjuvant. After the second immunization, the proliferation of lymphocytes was measured by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and the level of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokine from spleen lymphocytes in mice and generation of the antibodies against IsdB3 in serum was detected with ELISA, and the protective immune response was assessed through S. aureus challenge.

Results: IsdB3 proteins plus Mn²⁺ and AH obviously stimulated the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and increased the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokine in mice, markedly enhanced the generation of the antibodies against IsdB3 in serum, observably decreased bacterial load in organs, and greatly improved the survival rate of mice.

Conclusion: These data showed that the combination of Mn²⁺ and AH significantly acted a synergistic effect, reinforced the immunogenicity of IsdB3, and offered a new strategy to increase vaccine efficiency.