Dietary vitamin intake and cancer risk in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018)

Jiyuan Li; Ziyi Liu; Xubiao Xie; Longkai Peng; Helong Dai; Chen Gao; Wendan Mao; Wenjia Yuan; Xue Zhao; Hongliang Zhang; Fenghua Peng

doi:10.1007/s11255-024-04060-2

Dietary vitamin intake and cancer risk in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018)

Int Urol Nephrol. 2024 Apr 26. doi: 10.1007/s11255-024-04060-2. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jiyuan Li^#¹, Ziyi Liu^#^{2

3}, Xubiao Xie¹, Longkai Peng¹, Helong Dai^{1

4

5}, Chen Gao¹, Wendan Mao¹, Wenjia Yuan¹, Xue Zhao⁶, Hongliang Zhang^{7

8}, Fenghua Peng⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
² Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
³ Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁴ Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
⁵ Clinical Immunology Center, Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁶ College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
⁷ Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. zhanghongliang@csu.edu.cn.
⁸ Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, China. zhanghongliang@csu.edu.cn.
⁹ Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. pfh3327@csu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 38668886
DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04060-2

Abstract

Purpose: The relationship between vitamin intake and cancer risk in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population is unknown. For this reason, we investigated the relationship between dietary vitamin intake and cancer risk in CKD patients and looked for effective vitamin dietary patterns.

Methods: This study included 3518 CKD patients from 2007 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. All participants were categorized into four groups based on vitamin intake by K-mean clustering. The data were collected and analyzed from June 2023 to December 2023.

Results: A total of 3518 CKD patients with a mean age of (61.8 ± 16.3) years were included in the study. During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 137 participants died of cancer. In the multivariate adjusted cox proportional hazards model for single vitamin intake, vitamin E Q4 intake (reference Q1) reduced cancer mortality (HR (95% CI) = 0.45 (0.24-0.87), P = 0.018). Further plotting of the restricted cubic spline curve revealed a linearly decreasing relationship between vitamin E intake and cancer mortality (Poverall = 0.010 Pnon-linear = 0.163). In the multivariate adjusted cox proportional hazards model for multivitamin co-intake, the vitamin C/K intake group reduced cancer mortality compared to the low vitamin intake group (HR (95% CI) = 0.42 (0.20-0.88), P = 0.022).

Conclusion: Increased vitamin C intake was independently associated with reduced cancer risk in CKD patients, and a vitamin dietary pattern with high vitamin C/K intake was also effective in reducing cancer risk.

Keywords: Cancer risk; Chronic kidney disease; Cluster analysis; Vitamins.