Predictability of the neurodevelopmental assessment based on the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001 at 18-24 months of corrected age and 3 years of age in identifying cognitive impairment at 6 years of age in very preterm infants: A retrospective study at a Japanese tertiary center

Mitsuhiro Haga; Masayo Kanai; Yukiko Motojima; Kana Saito; Kanako Itoh; Takami Saito; Akio Ishiguro; Eiko Takada; Tetsuya Kunikata; Hisanori Sobajima; Fumihiko Namba; Kazuhiko Kabe

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106015

Predictability of the neurodevelopmental assessment based on the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001 at 18-24 months of corrected age and 3 years of age in identifying cognitive impairment at 6 years of age in very preterm infants: A retrospective study at a Japanese tertiary center

Early Hum Dev. 2024 Apr 20:193:106015. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106015. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
² Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan. Electronic address: donkanai@saitama-med.ac.jp.
³ Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.

PMID: 38688106
DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106015

Abstract

Background: It is unknown how accurately the current Japanese classification system for neurodevelopmental delay based on the assessment with the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development (KSPD) at toddlerhood and pre-school periods predicts cognitive impairment at school age.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled infants born at 22-29 weeks of gestational age. At 18-24 months of corrected age and 3 years of age, the patients were categorized according to the current Japanese criteria for neurodevelopmental delay based on their overall developmental quotient calculated using the KSPD-2001. Cognitive impairment at 6 years of age was classified according to the calculated or estimated full-scale intelligence quotient. The predictability of the current Japanese classification of neurodevelopmental delay for cognitive impairment at 6 years of age was investigated.

Results: Of 566 eligible patients, 364 (64 %) completed the protocol. The current classification for the neurodevelopmental delay showed significant agreement with the severity of cognitive impairment at 6 years of age. The sensitivity and specificity of the KSPD-2001-based assessment for any cognitive impairment at 6 years of age were 0.64 and 0.74 at 18-24 months of corrected age and 0.83 and 0.70 at 3 years of age. The corresponding sensitivity and specificity for moderate/severe cognitive impairment were 0.51 and 0.96 at 18-24 months of corrected age and 0.68 and 0.95 at 3 years of age.

Conclusion: The KSPD-2001 is a useful tool to predict the severity of cognitive impairment at school age.

Keywords: Cognitive impairment; Developmental quotient; Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development; Neurodevelopmental delay; Neurodevelopmental outcomes; Very preterm infants.