The prevalence of articular cartilage injuries and osteoarthritis (OA) is high, affecting a wide range of individuals. The self-repair ability of cartilage tissue is poor, and once damaged, it will irreversibly progress to OA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in the field of regenerative medicine and are considered one of the most promising seed cells for cartilage repair and regeneration. In this article, based on the latest clinical research findings from both domestic and international sources, the theoretical basis, treatment goals, significance, sources, characteristics, clinical implementation plans, and efficacy of using MSCs for the treatment of cartilage injuries or osteoarthritis are reviewed. The article also discusses the challenges faced and future directions that need to be addressed in the clinical application of MSCs.
关节软骨损伤、骨关节炎（OA）的患病率高，波及人群广。软骨组织自身修复能力差，一旦损伤将不可逆转地发展为OA。间充质干细胞在再生医学领域扮演重要角色，被认为是实现软骨的修复与再生中最具希望的种子细胞之一。本文结合国内外最新临床研究成果，对临床中应用间充质干细胞治疗软骨损伤或OA的理论依据，治疗目的、意义，间充质干细胞的来源、特点，临床实施方案及疗效进行论述，同时对间充质干细胞临床应用中面临的问题，以及未来需要攻克的方向进行论述和探讨。.