Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals heterogeneity of neutrophils in non-small cell lung cancer

J Gene Med. 2024 May;26(5):e3690. doi: 10.1002/jgm.3690.

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer stands out as a highly perilous malignant tumor with severe implications for human health. There has been a growing interest in neutrophils as a result of their role in promoting cancer in recent years. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of neutrophils in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was analyzed. Moreover, cell-cell communication, differentiation trajectories and transcription factor analyses were performed.

Results: Neutrophils were found to be closely associated with macrophages. Four major types of TANs were identified: a transitional subcluster that migrated from blood to tumor microenvironment (TAN-0), an inflammatory subcluster (TAN-1), a subpopulation that displayed a distinctive transcriptional signature (TAN-2) and a final differentiation state that promoted tumor formation (TAN-3). Meanwhile, TAN-3 displayed a marked increase in glycolytic activity. Finally, transcription factors were analyzed to uncover distinct TAN cluster-specific regulons.

Conclusions: The discovery of the dynamic characteristics of TANs in the present study is anticipated to contribute to yielding a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and advancing the treatment of NSCLC.

Keywords: non‐small cell lung cancer; single‐cell sequencing; tumor‐associated neutrophils.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Gene Expression Profiling* / methods
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Neutrophils* / metabolism
  • Single-Cell Analysis* / methods
  • Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis
  • Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Transcriptome*
  • Tumor Microenvironment* / genetics

Substances

  • Transcription Factors