New Evidence on the Cycle in the Women, Infants, and Children Program: What Happens When Benefits Expire

Natl Tax J. 2024 Mar;77(1):175-197. doi: 10.1086/728678. Epub 2024 Jan 25.

Abstract

We provide evidence of a benefit redemption cycle in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Using novel administrative data on item-level redemptions, we show that unlike SNAP, WIC redemptions peak at both the beginning and end of the month. Beginning-of-the-month excess redemptions are concentrated among more popular items such as infant formula, while end-of-the-month excess redemptions are concentrated among less popular items such as infant meats. We document that a substantial share of beneficiaries go at least one month without redeeming anything and discuss how administrative burdens may drive the WIC cycle.

Keywords: Administrative Burden; Redemption Cycle; WIC.