The predictive value of the impairment of lung function and cigarette smoking has been evaluated in 2080 elderly subjects aged > or = 65 years included in the CASTEL (Cardiovascular Study in the Elderly). Some common risk factors, as well as forced expiratory volume, vital lung capacity, and Tiffenau index have been examined with Cox analysis. The 10-year survival equation was as follows: [formula: see text] In disagreement with other studies, in our survey smoking was not a predictor of mortality, although it was able to reduce survival by reducing respiratory function.