Allatostatins with a typical YXFGL-amide C-terminus constitute a neuropeptide family, which was discovered because of its inhibitory action on insect juvenile hormone synthesis. In the search for possible new functions for allatostatins we focused our attention on the fat body. Our previous studies on the cockroach Blattella germanica suggested the occurrence of factors terminating vitellogenesis, and the hypothesis here was that allatostatins might be one of these factors. Our experiments have shown that allatostatin impaired vitellogenin release in fat bodies incubated in vitro, and that this effect appears to be mediated by the inhibition of vitellogenin glycosylation. Fluvastatin also inhibited vitellogenin release, and mevalonolactone counteracted the inhibitory effects of allatostatin. These results suggest that allatostatin acts upon the mevalonate pathway and synthesis of dolichol, which would explain the inhibition of vitellogenin glycosylation. We finally conclude that allatostatins may effectively contribute to the termination of the vitellogenic cycle in B. germanica.